Kids Health Watch is Sponsored by Children’s Medical Group
Allergies, asthma, and viral upper respiratory infections are among the most common causes of cough, congestion, and breathing-related symptoms in children during the spring months. Because these conditions often overlap in both timing and presentation, it can be difficult for parents to determine the cause. Understanding the differences can help families know when supportive care is appropriate and when medical evaluation is needed.
Seasonal allergies, also known as allergic rhinitis, are triggered by environmental allergens such as tree and grass pollen, which peak in early spring. Allergy symptoms tend to develop gradually and persist for weeks rather than days. Children with allergies often have nasal congestion, a clear, runny nose, sneezing, and an itchy nose or eyes. Cough may be present, but fever is absent. Children generally feel well and remain active.
Viral upper respiratory infections, or common colds, usually begin more abruptly. Symptoms often include nasal congestion, thicker nasal discharge, sore throat, and cough. Low-grade fever and fatigue are common, particularly in the first few days of illness. Viral symptoms tend to worsen over the first three to five days before gradually improving, with most resolving within one to two weeks. Unlike allergies, viral infections are contagious and may be accompanied by body aches or decreased appetite.
Asthma can complicate both allergies and viral illnesses and may present primarily with cough rather than wheezing, especially in younger children. Asthma-related cough often occurs at night, with exercise, or during laughter or crying. Children may complain of chest tightness or shortness of breath, or parents may notice rapid breathing or increased effort while breathing. Spring allergens and viral infections are common asthma triggers, making this a particularly important time to monitor symptoms closely.
Antihistamines and nasal steroids are helpful for allergy symptoms. Viral illnesses require supportive care and time, while asthma symptoms may require inhaled medications and an updated asthma action plan. Children with persistent cough, breathing difficulty, recurrent nighttime symptoms, or poor response to typical allergy treatments should be evaluated by their pediatrician.A pediatrician can help clarify the cause of symptoms, adjust treatment plans as needed, and provide guidance to keep children healthy and active as the seasons change.
Dr. Savannah Browning grew up in Fayette, AL. She moved to Mobile to attend Medical School at the University of South Alabama in 2009, and has been a proud Mobilian ever since. She joined Children’s Medical Group in 2016, and her office is at the Airport Boulevard location. She lives in Mobile with her husband, Andrew, and their three children: Jude, Luke, Annie and Sybil.
Author: Savannah Browning
Dr. Savannah Browning grew up in Fayette, AL. She moved to Mobile to attend Medical School at the University of South Alabama in 2009, and has been a proud Mobilian ever since. She joined Children’s Medical Group in 2016, and her office is at the Airport Boulevard location. She lives in Mobile with her husband, Andrew, and their three children: Jude, Luke, and Annie.
